patch 9.1.0999: Vim9: leaking finished exception

Problem:  leaking finished exception
          (after v9.1.0984)
Solution: use finish_exception to clean up caught exceptions
          (Yee Cheng Chin)

In Vimscript, v:exception/throwpoint/stacktrace are supposed to reflect
the currently caught exception, and be popped after the exception is
finished (via endtry, finally, or a thrown exception inside catch).
Vim9script does not handle this properly, and leaks them instead. This
is clearly visible when launching GVim with menu enabled.  A caught
exception inside the s:BMShow() in menu.vim would show up when querying
`v:stacktrace` even though the exception was already caught and handled.

To fix this, just use the same functionality as Vimscript by calling
`finish_exception` to properly restore the states. Note that this
assumes `current_exception` is always the same as `caught_stack` which
believe should be the case.

Added tests for this. Also fix up test_stacktrace to properly test the
stack restore behavior where we have nested exceptions in catch blocks
and to also test the vim9script functionality properly.

- Also, remove its dependency on explicitly checking a line number in
  runtest.vim which is a very fragile way to write tests as any minor
  change in runtest.vim (shared among all tests) would require changing
  test_stacktrace.vim. We don't actually need such granularity in the
  test.

closes: #16413

Signed-off-by: Yee Cheng Chin <ychin.git@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brabandt <cb@256bit.org>

src/ex_eval.c

@@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ catch_exception(except_T *excp)
 /*
  * Remove an exception from the caught stack.
  */
-    static void
+    void
 finish_exception(except_T *excp)
 {
     if (excp != caught_stack)